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ELBOW

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Tennis Elbow

Tennis Elbow is a common condition caused by overuse resulting in pain. Causing pain on the outer side of the elbow, usually from repetitive wrist and arm movements.

  • Definition: Tennis Elbow (Lateral Epicondylitis) is inflammation or degeneration of the tendons that attach to the lateral epicondyle of the humerus, often due to overuse of forearm muscles.

  • Causes: Repetitive wrist extension or gripping common in tennis players, manual workers, and people using tools or computers extensively.

  • Types:

          ~ Acute: Sudden onset due to strain.
          ~ Chronic: Ongoing irritation and degeneration of the tendon.

  • Symptoms: Pain and tenderness on the outer elbow, weakness in grip, worsens with lifting, shaking hands, or using tools.

  • Diagnosis Tools: Clinical exam (Cozen’s test), MRI or ultrasound in persistent or unclear cases.

  • Risk Factors: Age (30–50), repetitive hand use, poor technique in sports, or occupations involving repeated arm motion.

⁠Golfer Elbow

Golfer’s Elbow is a condition resulting from overuse causing  pain on the inner side of the elbow, commonly due to repetitive wrist and forearm movements.

  • Definition: Golfer’s Elbow (Medial Epicondylitis) is inflammation or degeneration of the tendons that attach to the medial epicondyle of the humerus, caused by overuse of forearm flexor muscles.

  • Causes: Repetitive wrist flexion, gripping, or forearm rotation seen in golf, weightlifting, manual labor, or typing.

  • Types:

          ~ Acute: Sudden tendon strain
          ~ Chronic: Degeneration from repeated stress over time

  • Symptoms: Pain and tenderness on the inner elbow, worsens with wrist flexion or gripping, may radiate down the forearm, and reduced grip strength.

  • Diagnosis Tools: Clinical exam (resisted wrist flexion test), ultrasound or MRI for persistent or unclear cases.

  • Risk Factors: Age (typically 30–50), repetitive hand use, improper technique in sports or work, and occupations involving frequent lifting or gripping.

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⁠Cubital Tunnel Syndrome

Cubital Tunnel Syndrome is a nerve compression condition that affects the ulnar nerve at the elbow, causing numbness, tingling, and weakness in the hand.

  • Definition: Compression or irritation of the ulnar nerve as it passes through the cubital tunnel (inside of the elbow), affecting sensation and movement in the ring and little fingers.

  • Causes: Prolonged elbow bending, leaning on elbows, trauma, repetitive motion, or thickening of soft tissues around the nerve.

  • Types:

           ~ Mild: Occasional numbness or tingling
           ~ Moderate: Frequent symptoms with weakness
           ~ Severe: Muscle wasting and constant numbness

  • Symptoms: Numbness or tingling in ring and little fingers, hand weakness, pain at the inner elbow, and clumsiness or difficulty with fine motor tasks.

  • Diagnosis Tools: Physical exam (Tinel’s sign, elbow flexion test), nerve conduction studies, EMG.

  • Risk Factors:Frequent elbow bending, prolonged pressure on elbows, prior elbow fractures, arthritis, or diabetes.

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